System Life Cycle

Elements of the System Life Cycle

In each stage, different documents are required as input, different activities take place with different people involved and different documents are generated.

Initial Study

A system project will not start for no apparent reasons. It must have been initiated by someone (we will generally call him the user). Based on the user’s requests, the System Analyst (SA) will check the background of the problems to see if it is possible to solve them. After the study, the SA will produce a feasibility report. This report will describe the scope of the new system and contains estimates of the time, costs and benefits that would result from the system.

Detailed work will only commence if the project is approved.

System Analysis and Design

Based on the feasibility report, the SA will carry out a requirement analysis. The SA will use techniques like interviewing, observation, questionnaires and/or reading of manuals to find out from the user the new system’s requirements. What the SA has gathered will be documented using tools like Data Flow Diagrams and/or Run Charts. There will normally be a presentation by the SA to the user to verify the findings.

Once the findings have been confirmed to be accurate, the SA will design a system that will meet the user’s requirements. The SA will produce the system specification, which includes:

• The information flow
• The file storage organisation
• The program’s requirements
• The outline of the user’s operations manual

An acceptance of the system specification by the user will mark the end of this stage and the authorisation to commence with the next.

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